Transactions
of the Azov-Black Sea Ornithological Station

Branta Cover Language of the article: Ukrainian Cite: Chernichko, I. I. (2022). Seasonal migrations of the Eurasian oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus along the Azov-Black Sea coast of Ukraine. Branta: Transactions of the Azov-Black Sea Ornithological Station, 24, 87-110 Keywords: кулик-сорока, динаміка чисельності, динаміка міграцій, результати виловів, міграційні коридори, південь України Views: 95 Branta copyright Branta license

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Branta: Transactions of the Azov-Black Sea Ornithological Station, 87-110

Seasonal migrations of the Eurasian oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus along the Azov-Black Sea coast of Ukraine

I. I. Chernichko

I. I. Shmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine

In the article, based on the results of over 800 surveys of flocks and single oystercatchers with a total number of 18.5 thousand birds, the seasonal migrations and distribution of birds of the subspecies Haematopus o. longipes was studied. Censuses along the routes covered from 13 to 17 wetlands of the Azov-Black Sea coast of Ukraine, in different years and in different seasons of 1986-2020.
The timing of migrations of the local population has been clarified: spring migration - from late February to mid-April, post-breeding migrations - from late June to mid-August, autumn migrations - from mid-August to late October. Spring migration on the coast is more intense, although fleeting. The average number of birds in some years in March reaches 40-70 birds per count, and the seasonal average in the spring was 32.7 birds/count. Autumn migration is longer, but inferior in number: the average seasonal number was 21.2 individuals/count. The results of observations of the migration of oystercatchers during daylight hours for 89 days in spring and 14 days in autumn (1989-2013) are considered. In March, in 4 morning hours, from 3 to 240 individuals fly through a permanent observation point per day, and in a year from 100 to 540 individuals. In autumn, only two flocks (12 individuals) were recorded during daylight hours, since night migrations predominate. It has been established that during spring migrations there is a decrease in the frequency of occurrence and an increase in the average size of flocks from March to May. By May, the share of evening migrants also increases. The number of oystercatchers in both spring and autumn in the region in the period 2012-2020 gradually decreased. For the autumn, this was also confirmed by synchronous August censuses under the ROM Program. The most significant wetlands for supporting birds during migration have been identified. The maximum average number of oystercatchers was on the Belosarayskaya Spit - 35 individuals/count (in the range of 2011-2021), on the Molochny Estuary - 33 individuals/count and on the Obitochnaya Spit - 20 individuals/count. The probable structure of migration corridors in spring and autumn in the Azov-Black Sea region is discussed.

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